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Appreciation of Xinle Essays and Me-"Rereading Xinle Site"

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Time of issue:2014-03-12 15:02
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(Summary description)ShenyangXinleRuinsisabigbook.Ifyousimplybrowsethroughit,notonlyyoucan’tfindthelivelyscene,butyoucan’tevenfigureoutwhattosee.Youwillfeeluncomfortable...Ifyoudoalittlehomeworkbeforeorafterthevisit,itwillbetargeted.Readaboutprimitivesociety,lookupancienthumans,andthenentertheXinlesite.Thefeelingiscompletelydifferent.Thethingshiddenbehindthepagesofthebookaresogorgeousandcolorful,fullofinterest,shocking,overwhelming,lingeringandforgetting.Theweightofhistoryandculturehere...Ihaveonlyseenandgainedfromthisonce,andIwillwritedownthefollowing:　　Three-dimensionalnewmusic　　XinleisahumanculturalsiteintheNeolithicAge.Therearethreelayersofancientculturalaccumulation:theupperlayerisabout3000-4000yearsago;themiddlelayerisabout5000-6000yearsago;thelowerlayerisabout6800yearsago.Thesecondhousesiteisabout7245yearsago,anditsgeneralstatementis7200yearsago.ItmustbeaddedherethatthePaleolithicAgeisknowntobe3.96millionyearsold,whiletheNeolithicAgecharacterizedbypolishedstonetoolsislessthan10,000yearsold.Thenitenteredthecombineduseofgoldandstone,thelegendaryYao,ShunandYuera.　　This7,200yearsago,wasonlythestartingpointofthediscoverednewmusicculture.Itwasaflatsurface,whilethehistorywasthree-dimensionalandmulti-faceted.Youmightaswelltakealookatthethree-dimensionalnewmusic　　Fromtheperspectiveofgeologicalage:fromtheMiocenetothePliocene,Pleistocene,andHolocene.XinlecultureappearedintheearlyHolocene.　　Fromthearchaeologicalage:theageofnaturalwoodandstoneisusedtodevelopintothePaleolithic,Mesolithic,Neolithic,andcombineduseofgoldandstone.XinleculturecoincideswiththeNeolithicAge.Fromtheperspectiveofhumanbeingsandculture:fromAustralopithecustoYuanmou,Lantian,Peking,Dali,Maba,Xujiayao,Dingcun,Liujiang,Zuozhen,etc.,Shayuanculture,Hemuduculture,YangshaoCulture,MajiayaoCulture,DawenkouCulture,LongshanCulture,etc.OurXinlecultureisthesameperiodasHemuducultureandYangshaoculture.　　Fromtheperspectiveofsocialorganization:fromtheoriginalprimitivegrouptobloodfamilysettlementsandclansettlements.Xinlepeoplehaveenteredthelatematrilinealclan.　　Fromtheperspectiveofmarriage:humanbeingshavedevelopedfromhybridizationtobloodgroupmarriages,extra-ethnicgroupmarriages,pairmarriages,andmonogamy.Xinlepeopleareinthestageofextra-ethnicpairmarriages.　　Fromtheageoflegend:itwastheYouchaofamilyatfirst,andtheSuirenfamily,Fuxifamily,Shennongfamily,Huangdi,Yaoshunyu.XinleisintheShennongera.Inthisway,wecanseethethree-dimensionalXinlerensocietythatbegan7200yearsago.TheywereintheearlyHolocene,theNeolithicAge,andthesamegenerationasthefamousHemuduculture,thatis,thelegendaryShennongera,andtheylivedamatriarchalline.Thelifeoftheclan’slatedualmarriage,andithasbeencontinuouslydevelopingtowards5000,4000,3000yearsago...　　Xinlepeoplearenotalone　　TheShenyangXinleSiteisnotisolatedinthewholecountry,norisitisolatedontheblacklandofNortheastChina.Pleasetakealookatseveralhumanculturalsitesthatprosperednearbyanddiscoveredinrecentyears.Thisarticleislistedinorderofitshistory:　　Thesiteofthe"Miaohoushanren"inShanchengziVillage,BenxiCounty.FossilsofancienthumancanineteethfromtheHomoerectusstageof500,000to450,000yearsagowereunearthed;animalfossilssuchasplumrhinoceros,saber-toothedtiger,andSanmenhorsesthatwereextinct200,000yearsago;molartoothfossilsofancienthumansfrom200,000to50,000yearsago,leftofjuvenilehumansFemoralfossils,etc...Ancienthumanslivedhereforalongtimeandmovedoutabout10,000yearsago.　　YingkouDashiqiaoJinniuMountainSite.Morethan50bonefossils,animalfossils,humanfirerelics,burnedbones,burnedsoil,andasmallnumberofstonetoolswereunearthedfromtheMiddlePleistocenehumanskullsandspine,similartothesituationofthePekingman.　　XuetianPaleolithicCulturalSite,WuchangCounty,Harbin.HumanbonefossilsfromthelatePaleolithicagefrom7to5yearshavebeenunearthed.　　Therearemanyundiscoveredruins.TheXinlesiteisintheascendantdevelopmentcircleofhumancultureandhistory.　　housestonefire　　Lookingback,basedontheseunearthedobjects,imaginethelifeandlaborofXinlepeople.　　Settlementistheneedofprimitiveagriculturaldevelopment,andsettlementisreflectedintheappearanceofhousesandvillages.AnyonewhovisitstheXinlesitehasseenthehalf-cryptedhutsbuiltintheoriginalstate.Theauthorthinksthatitsoriginalversionwillnotbesolightandbeautiful,itwillbemorebloated,morepractical,andmoreshelteredfromwindandrain...AlthoughthewhereaboutsofXinlepeopleisamystery,thiskindofhalf-pit-styledwellingshasbeenpasseddown.Comedown.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,theearlyhousesoftheNortheastJurchenpeopleinlatergenerationsweremostlyinthiskindofground-scentingstyle.UntiltheQingDynasty,thehousesintheGuandongwerestillbuiltwithearthenhousesandhorse-framedandforeigngrass.ThiskindofhousewasretaineduntiltheliberationoftheNortheastatthelatest.Ofcourse,theearthen-walledthatchedhouse,whichonceoccupiedalong-termdominantpositionintheresidentialbuildingsintheNortheast,developedonitsbasis.　　Breakingthestoneintoatool,breakingthestoneandthengrindingitasneeded,hasbecomeasignandturningpointofthetimes.Someexpertsfeltintheirwritingsthatamongthestone,jade,andfiredpotteryunearthedinXinle,thereweresignific

Appreciation of Xinle Essays and Me-"Rereading Xinle Site"

Categories:Research findings
Author:
Origin:
Time of issue:2014-03-12 15:02
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　Shenyang Xinle Ruins is a big book. If you simply browse through it, not only you can’t find the lively scene, but you can’t even figure out what to see. You will feel uncomfortable... If you do a little homework before or after the visit, it will be targeted. Read about primitive society, look up ancient humans, and then enter the Xinle site. The feeling is completely different. The things hidden behind the pages of the book are so gorgeous and colorful, full of interest, shocking, overwhelming, lingering and forgetting. The weight of history and culture here... I have only seen and gained from this once, and I will write down the following:

　　 Three-dimensional new music

　　 Xinle is a human cultural site in the Neolithic Age. There are three layers of ancient cultural accumulation: the upper layer is about 3000-4000 years ago; the middle layer is about 5000-6000 years ago; the lower layer is about 6800 years ago. The second house site is about 7245 years ago, and its general statement is 7200 years ago. It must be added here that the Paleolithic Age is known to be 3.96 million years old, while the Neolithic Age characterized by polished stone tools is less than 10,000 years old. Then it entered the combined use of gold and stone, the legendary Yao, Shun and Yu era.

　　 This 7,200 years ago, was only the starting point of the discovered new music culture. It was a flat surface, while the history was three-dimensional and multi-faceted. You might as well take a look at the three-dimensional new music

　　 From the perspective of geological age: from the Miocene to the Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene. Xinle culture appeared in the early Holocene.

　　From the archaeological age: the age of natural wood and stone is used to develop into the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, and combined use of gold and stone. Xinle culture coincides with the Neolithic Age.

From the perspective of human beings and culture: from Australopithecus to Yuanmou, Lantian, Peking, Dali, Maba, Xujiayao, Dingcun, Liujiang, Zuozhen, etc., Shayuan culture, Hemudu culture , Yangshao Culture, Majiayao Culture, Dawenkou Culture, Longshan Culture, etc. Our Xinle culture is the same period as Hemudu culture and Yangshao culture.

　　 From the perspective of social organization: from the original primitive group to blood family settlements and clan settlements. Xinle people have entered the late matrilineal clan.

　　 From the perspective of marriage: human beings have developed from hybridization to blood group marriages, extra-ethnic group marriages, pair marriages, and monogamy. Xinle people are in the stage of extra-ethnic pair marriages.

　　From the age of legend: it was the Youchao family at first, and the Suiren family, Fuxi family, Shennong family, Huangdi, Yaoshunyu. Xinle is in the Shennong era.

In this way, we can see the three-dimensional Xinleren society that began 7200 years ago. They were in the early Holocene, the Neolithic Age, and the same generation as the famous Hemudu culture, that is, the legendary Shennong era, and they lived a matriarchal line. The life of the clan’s late dual marriage, and it has been continuously developing towards 5000, 4000, 3000 years ago...

　　 Xinle people are not alone

　　 The Shenyang Xinle Site is not isolated in the whole country, nor is it isolated on the black land of Northeast China. Please take a look at several human cultural sites that prospered nearby and discovered in recent years. This article is listed in order of its history:

　　 The site of the "Miaohoushanren" in Shanchengzi Village, Benxi County. Fossils of ancient human canine teeth from the Homo erectus stage of 500,000 to 450,000 years ago were unearthed; animal fossils such as plum rhinoceros, saber-toothed tiger, and Sanmen horses that were extinct 200,000 years ago; molar tooth fossils of ancient humans from 200,000 to 50,000 years ago, left of juvenile humans Femoral fossils, etc... Ancient humans lived here for a long time and moved out about 10,000 years ago.

　　 Yingkou Dashiqiao Jinniu Mountain Site. More than 50 bone fossils, animal fossils, human fire relics, burned bones, burned soil, and a small number of stone tools were unearthed from the Middle Pleistocene human skulls and spine, similar to the situation of the Peking man.

　　 Xuetian Paleolithic Cultural Site, Wuchang County, Harbin. Human bone fossils from the late Paleolithic age from 7 to 5 years have been unearthed.

　　 There are many undiscovered ruins. The Xinle site is in the ascendant development circle of human culture and history.

　　 house stone fire

　　 Looking back, based on these unearthed objects, imagine the life and labor of Xinle people.

　　 Settlement is the need of primitive agricultural development, and settlement is reflected in the appearance of houses and villages. Anyone who visits the Xinle site has seen the half-crypted huts built in the original state. The author thinks that its original version will not be so light and beautiful, it will be more bloated, more practical, and more sheltered from wind and rain... Although the whereabouts of Xinle people is a mystery, this kind of half-pit-style dwellings has been passed down. Come down. According to historical records, the early houses of the Northeast Jurchen people in later generations were mostly in this kind of ground-scenting style. Until the Qing Dynasty, the houses in the Guandong were still built with earthen houses and horse-framed and foreign grass. This kind of house was retained until the liberation of the Northeast at the latest. Of course, the earthen-walled thatched house, which once occupied a long-term dominant position in the residential buildings in the Northeast, developed on its basis.

　　 Breaking the stone into a tool, breaking the stone and then grinding it as needed, has become a sign and turning point of the times. Some experts felt in their writings that among the stone, jade, and fired pottery unearthed in Xinle, there were significantly fewer farming utensils than fishing, hunting and gathering utensils. Even though charred grains were also unearthed, it also shows that farming is far inferior to Xinle's production. The fishing, hunting and gathering industry is developed. And then inferred that there had been barter with neighboring settlements at that time, and most of the grain they ate was exchanged.

Pottery appeared at the turn of the New and Paleolithic Ages and is also a symbol of the Neolithic Age. It indicates that humans have lived a stable and settled life. The need to hold water in a vessel, cook rice, store food, and preserve grains and seeds was forced. Humans have burnt out pottery.

　　 Fire is especially important to the Xinle people who are located in the north during the Neolithic Age, cooking, lighting, and heating. Without fire, it would be unthinkable. The traces of fire ponds in every house ruins fully illustrate this point. Although no fire-making equipment has been seen in the excavations, they should be able to make fire in this era. However, it is very laborious and laborious to make fire manually, and people are still trying their best to preserve the existing fire so that it will not be extinguished. Passing down the fire is still the main form of fire storage. So many ceramic oblique mouthpieces unearthed in Xinle, aren't they the utensils made by Xinle people to transfer and preserve the fire?

　　 It seems that Xinle people were very tired and not easy at that time. Women had to spin yarn and weave nets and collect wild vegetables and fruits, while men had to go out fishing, hunting, and farming those fields that had little harvest. At that time, it seemed that the raising of pigs, sheep and other domestic animals had already appeared. But except for the elderly and children, active people have to rise and rest.

　　 matrilineal clan pair marriage

　　 Xinleren’s family and marriage cannot be described in detail. But you can refer to the marriage customs of some ethnic minorities in the matrilineal clan society in our country on the eve of liberation, and you can imagine a rough idea!

　　The matrilineal clan society of Xinle practised group marriage in the early days, and later developed into pair marriage. In fact, short or long pairs of spouses appear during the group marriage period, which is the bud of pair marriage. With the development of the clan, the scope of allowing intermarriage gradually narrowed. In the long years, marriages between siblings, siblings and children of siblings were gradually ruled out, and marriages between descendants of the same female ancestor within a clan and clan branch were finally excluded. In this way, it began to be implemented. The union between a group of men from one clan and a group of women from another clan becomes an out-of-ethnic group marriage. Then develop into a pair marriage of a man and a woman.

　　 The relationship between couples in spousal marriage is relatively loose and divorced easily, whether it is the early form of visiting marriage or the later form of married residence. As long as one party does not want to maintain the marriage relationship, they can divorce. However, although the marriage of a man and a woman during the dual marriage is not strong, the foundation of the dual family is based on the marriage relationship of a man and a woman, and they are already a relatively certain spouse. The biological father of the child is easier to identify than before, and the marriage relationship has gradually stabilized, and a trend has been established that laid a good foundation for the transition to a monogamous marriage and family with the development of productivity.

　　The originator of coal carving

　　Here, the author would like to remind friends who visit the Xinle site, not to ignore those in the glass showcase that are not dazzling junior high school coal products: bubble-shaped ware, por-shaped ware, spherical ware, etc. Although these dark and mysterious objects, experts have not yet figured out their purpose, but they have inadvertently created a history.

　　 As everyone knows, coal essence is a special kind of coal that is formed by the process of coal formation, buried in the ground more than 50 million years ago. The texture is fine, tough, black and shiny, without lines, lighter than ordinary coal, suitable for carving crafts and ornaments. my country's high-quality coal concentrate is mainly produced in Fushun, Liaoning. The discovery of coal essence in Fushun gave birth to the art of coal carving, referred to as coal carving. It turns out that people generally think that the history of coal carving is not long ago.

In 1973, during the excavation of the Xinle site in Shenyang, a shocking event that changed the history of coal carving occurred. The above-mentioned coal refined products appeared in front of the archaeologists one by one. In addition to consternation, the experts conducted scientific research on these objects. It was determined that the raw material coal extract for these products were all from Fushun. After careful research, the experts concluded that these coal essences were not mined by Xinle people in Fushun. The coal essence there was washed out by the river water, and was obtained by Xinle people downstream, and was intelligently carved into art. Product.

　　 It can be proved that the coal resources in Fushun were first used by humans not to be burned as fuel, but to be carved into ornaments and works of art as gems for people to appreciate. 7200 years ago, the art of coal carving appeared on the land of Shenyang.

　　 Xinle people, as the originator of coal carving, are well-deserved!

　　 a new happy bird

　　 Xinle site has a picture of a carbonized woodcarving bird.

　　 This carbonized wood carving bird was broken into three pieces when it was unearthed. The upper part is flat, and the double-sided carving patterns are relatively the same. The lower part is a cylindrical body that is scraped and smooth, and the end is slightly warped. The whole object is slender, the carving technique is firm and skillful, and the lines are smooth. Some scholars divide it into five parts: "head, mouth, body, tail, and handle" according to its texture. Some people think that it resembles an eagle, a peng, and a magpie, while others think that it resembles a bird, a fish, and a magpie. Like a sheep. But most think it is in the shape of a bird, which may belong to the totem worship of primitive tribes.

　　 Later, after a long time of debate, it was determined that it was a sunbird. As a symbol of Shenyang, it was made into a large sculpture and stood in the station and square. As a citizen of Shenyang, the author is very interested in this. Sunbirds are found in "Chinese Birds": There are 5 genera and 12 species of Sunbirds on the earth, mainly distributed in Africa, Australia, southwest Asia, Southeast Asia and south of my country's Qinling Mountains. There are 5 genera in my country, including 12 species of black-breasted sunbirds and fire-tailed sunbirds, mostly small birds, mainly distributed in the southwestern region south of the Qinling Mountains. Therefore, there is a question, why did the Xinle people choose birds that they had never seen before, or even heard of their names, as the totems? 7200 years ago, Shenyang would not have a subtropical climate either!

　　I visited the Xinle site again and was relieved that this sunbird is not the other sunbird. It turns out that the bird of Xinle is not a product of nature, but the sunbird in the imagination of Xinle people's sun worship. The sunbird is the product of the combination of sun worship and bird worship. It is a symbol of love for light, pursuit of light, and dedication to light. In ancient China, didn't people call the sun the Golden Crow? Sun worship is widespread among all nations in the world and is a worldwide cultural phenomenon. Located in the north of our country and suffering from the harsh winter, Xinle people like the sun and worship the sun, that is even more logical!

　　 This kind of totem worship emerged in the early matrilineal clan society, and was very popular throughout the matrilineal clan period. It is superstition, and it is more culture. It is the initial understanding of all things in nature at the initial stage of mankind. It is the birth of myth and the initial expression of belief. It is one of the important conditions for regulating human activities and promoting human progress.

　　 All these kinds of birds, calling the Xinle bird the sunbird, can be said of the past.

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Appreciation of Xinle Essays and Me-"Rereading Xinle Site"

Appreciation of Xinle Essays and Me-"Rereading Xinle Site"